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Установка и настройка Bun

Bun - это быстрый JavaScript runtime, пакетный менеджер и бандлер, написанный на Zig.

Установка Bun​

Автоматическая установка (Linux/macOS)​

curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash

source ~/.bashrc

bun --version

Установка через npm​

npm install -g bun

bun --version

Установка конкретной версии​

curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash -s "bun-v1.0.11"

bun upgrade

Установка в Docker​

FROM oven/bun:1 as base
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

FROM base AS install
RUN mkdir -p /temp/dev
COPY package.json bun.lockb /temp/dev/
RUN cd /temp/dev && bun install --frozen-lockfile

RUN mkdir -p /temp/prod
COPY package.json bun.lockb /temp/prod/
RUN cd /temp/prod && bun install --frozen-lockfile --production

FROM base AS release
COPY --from=install /temp/prod/node_modules node_modules
COPY . .

USER bun
EXPOSE 3000/tcp
ENTRYPOINT [ "bun", "run", "start" ]

Основные команды Bun​

Управление пакетами​

bun init

bun add express

bun add -d typescript @types/node

bun add -g nodemon

bun remove express

bun install

bun update

Запуск приложений​

bun run index.ts

bun run start

bun run dev

bun run build

bun run --watch index.ts

bun run --hot index.ts

Создание исполняемых файлов​

bun build --compile index.ts --outfile myapp

./myapp

Конфигурация проекта​

package.json для Bun​

{
  "name": "my-bun-app",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "Bun application",
  "main": "index.ts",
  "type": "module",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "bun run index.ts",
    "dev": "bun run --watch index.ts",
    "build": "bun build index.ts --outdir ./dist",
    "compile": "bun build --compile index.ts --outfile myapp",
    "test": "bun test",
    "lint": "eslint src/**/*.ts",
    "format": "prettier --write src/**/*.ts"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "^4.18.2",
    "hono": "^3.11.7"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/express": "^4.17.21",
    "bun-types": "latest",
    "typescript": "^5.3.3"
  }
}

bunfig.toml​

[install]
cache = "~/.bun/install/cache"
lockfile = true
exact = false
auto = "npm"
registry = "https://registry.npmjs.org"

[install.scopes]
"@myorg" = "https://registry.myorg.com/"

[run]
bun = true
shell = "bash"

[test]
coverage = true

TypeScript конфигурация для Bun​

tsconfig.json​

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "ES2020",
    "module": "ESNext",
    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
    "noEmit": true,
    "strict": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
    "types": ["bun-types"],
    "lib": ["ES2020", "DOM"],
    "jsx": "react-jsx",
    "resolveJsonModule": true
  },
  "include": ["src/**/*", "*.ts"],
  "exclude": ["node_modules"]
}

Примеры использования​

Простой HTTP сервер​

// server.ts
const server = Bun.serve({
  port: 3000,
  fetch(request) {
    const url = new URL(request.url);

    if (url.pathname === "/") {
      return new Response("Hello Bun!");
    }

    if (url.pathname === "/api/users") {
      return Response.json([
        { id: 1, name: "John" },
        { id: 2, name: "Jane" }
      ]);
    }

    return new Response("Not Found", { status: 404 });
  },
});

console.log(`Server running at http://localhost:${server.port}`);

Express.js приложение​

// app.ts
import express from 'express';

const app = express();
const port = process.env.PORT || 3000;

app.use(express.json());

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.json({ message: 'Hello from Bun + Express!' });
});

app.get('/api/health', (req, res) => {
  res.json({ status: 'ok', timestamp: new Date().toISOString() });
});

app.listen(port, () => {
  console.log(`Server running on port ${port}`);
});

Hono.js (рекомендуемый фреймворк для Bun)​

// hono-app.ts
import { Hono } from 'hono';
import { cors } from 'hono/cors';
import { logger } from 'hono/logger';

const app = new Hono();

app.use('*', logger());
app.use('*', cors());

app.get('/', (c) => {
  return c.json({ message: 'Hello Hono!' });
});

app.get('/api/users/:id', (c) => {
  const id = c.req.param('id');
  return c.json({ id, name: `User ${id}` });
});

app.post('/api/users', async (c) => {
  const user = await c.req.json();
  return c.json({ ...user, id: Date.now() }, 201);
});

export default {
  port: 3000,
  fetch: app.fetch,
};

Работа с базами данных​

SQLite​

import { Database } from "bun:sqlite";

const db = new Database("mydb.sqlite");

const query = db.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = $name");
const users = query.all({ $name: "John" });

db.exec("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)");

const insert = db.prepare("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES (?)");
insert.run("Alice");

db.close();

PostgreSQL с Drizzle​

bun add drizzle-orm postgres
bun add -d drizzle-kit @types/postgres
// db.ts
import { drizzle } from 'drizzle-orm/postgres-js';
import postgres from 'postgres';

const connectionString = process.env.DATABASE_URL!;
const client = postgres(connectionString);
export const db = drizzle(client);

Тестирование​

Базовые тесты​

// math.test.ts
import { expect, test, describe } from "bun:test";

describe("Math operations", () => {
  test("addition", () => {
    expect(2 + 2).toBe(4);
  });

  test("async operation", async () => {
    const result = await Promise.resolve(42);
    expect(result).toBe(42);
  });
});

Мокирование​

// api.test.ts
import { expect, test, mock } from "bun:test";

test("mocking fetch", async () => {
  const mockFetch = mock(() =>
    Promise.resolve(new Response('{"id": 1}', {
      headers: { "content-type": "application/json" }
    }))
  );

  global.fetch = mockFetch;

  const response = await fetch("/api/users/1");
  const data = await response.json();

  expect(data).toEqual({ id: 1 });
  expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
});

Производственная конфигурация​

Dockerfile для продакшена​

FROM oven/bun:1-alpine as base
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

FROM base AS install
RUN mkdir -p /temp/dev
COPY package.json bun.lockb /temp/dev/
RUN cd /temp/dev && bun install --frozen-lockfile

RUN mkdir -p /temp/prod
COPY package.json bun.lockb /temp/prod/
RUN cd /temp/prod && bun install --frozen-lockfile --production

FROM base AS prerelease
COPY --from=install /temp/dev/node_modules node_modules
COPY . .

ENV NODE_ENV=production
RUN bun run build

FROM base AS release
COPY --from=install /temp/prod/node_modules node_modules
COPY --from=prerelease /usr/src/app/dist .
COPY --from=prerelease /usr/src/app/package.json .

USER bun
EXPOSE 3000/tcp
ENTRYPOINT [ "bun", "run", "start" ]

PM2 ecosystem для Bun​

// ecosystem.config.js
module.exports = {
  apps: [{
    name: 'bun-app',
    script: 'bun',
    args: 'run start',
    instances: 'max',
    exec_mode: 'cluster',
    env: {
      NODE_ENV: 'development',
      PORT: 3000
    },
    env_production: {
      NODE_ENV: 'production',
      PORT: 3000
    },
    error_file: './logs/err.log',
    out_file: './logs/out.log',
    log_file: './logs/combined.log',
    time: true
  }]
};

Бенчмарки и оптимизация​

Простой бенчмарк​

// benchmark.ts
const iterations = 1000000;

console.time("Array creation");
for (let i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
  const arr = new Array(100).fill(i);
}
console.timeEnd("Array creation");

console.time("Object creation");
for (let i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
  const obj = { id: i, name: `Item ${i}` };
}
console.timeEnd("Object creation");

Профилирование​

bun run --smol index.ts

bun --inspect index.ts

bun run --profile index.ts

Миграция с Node.js на Bun​

Замена npm/yarn команд​

npm install → bun install
npm run script → bun run script
npx command → bunx command
npm test → bun test
npm start → bun start

Обновление package.json​

{
  "scripts": {
    "start": "bun run index.ts",
    "dev": "bun run --watch index.ts",
    "build": "bun build index.ts --outdir ./dist",
    "test": "bun test"
  }
}
Производительность

Bun может быть значительно быстрее Node.js для многих задач, особенно запуска скриптов и установки пакетов.

Совместимость

Не все npm пакеты полностью совместимы с Bun. Проверяйте совместимость перед миграцией продакшен приложений.